索拉里斯

看得人心惊胆战的，本人胆子小……主要是这配乐太过惊悚了……其实看开头时大概就猜到结局了，但原本想说主人公是心理医师的话会不会有意外？

但根本就没任何意外，这种明知虚假却甘愿被虚假所俘获、相信在精神世界得到超脱，可以说是歌颂情爱超过一切，也可以说唯心主义的乌托邦？

私人情感和人文伦理纠缠不清。

这种片子看过就好，不能想太深，要不就是自己跟自己较劲儿呢，跟电影主人公没啥差别。

对我来说不会再看第二遍。

和2009年的英国电影《月球》/Moon一样，《索拉力星》/Solaris （2002）也是一部套用了科幻片外表的剧情片。

尽管两部电影都将故事背景设置在了具有开放意义的外太空，然而剧中人物的行动范围却是被限制在一个封闭的环境之内：人类所建造的外太空工作站。

虽然太空看似无边无际，然而它同时将身处工作站的主人公们与地球（或更加确切的说人类世界）相隔绝。

同样的，两部片子的主人公都是能够接触到最新高端技术的人才。

不管是前者的宇航员，还是后者的心理专家，他们所看的、所听的、所接触到的都是普通人所无法亲身体验的。

然而，他们毕竟同时有着常人一样的情感创伤和困惑。

正是在这似放实收的外太空里，我们的主人公开始对自己人生的反思。

在这两部电影里，探索未知世界的刺激和惊险只是一个封面，而真正被摆上台面的议题是对个人存在意义的思考。

记得前两年和好友坐在咖啡店里聊天，曾经讨论过“什么是人生”这样的哲学话题。

忘了是她还是我自己给出的答案是：人生就是个不停作选择的过程。

而这两部电影中，主人公都面临着这样一个境况。

尤其当他们面临着可以重新来过的可能性时，面对未来还是重回过去便将“选择”更加明显且迫切地摆在了主人公的面前：选还是不选（其实所谓的不选本身就是对放弃的选择），怎么选，选择的前因后果……这都主人公所面临的不得不面对问题，而他们各自的人生危机也都是和这一列问题息息相关的。

如果说《月球》中的Sam (山姆•洛克威尔/Sam Rockwell)因为一次又一次地被克隆而被“锁”在过去的话，那么《索拉力星》的Dr. Chris Kelvin (乔治•克鲁尼/George Clooney)则是生活在当下。

然而Sam最终选择了抛开过去，直面现在；而Kevin则选择了留在过去，重新开始。

就以Kevin为例，他是个丧妻的鳏夫。

尽管他深爱着自己的妻子，然而他在一次争吵之后的拂袖离去，使得他妻子以自杀结束了自己的生命。

从此之后，他陷入了对妻子的怀念与自责中。

而当他被派到太空站的时候，发现原来在那，死去的人们可以以一种物质的形态重新出现。

而出现在太空站里的这些有着人形的物质的出现并非随意。

因为那些人形的物质都和生活在太空站里的人们的刻骨铭心的记忆有关。

而在太空站这样一个闭塞的环境里，人们必须直面自己的过去。

他们唯一可以做的选择。

要么像同样受困于太空站的Dr Gordon（维奥拉•戴维斯/Viola Davis）那样，将过去抛在身后，坐上飞船回到地球，面对未来重新开始自己的生活；要么像Kevin那样留在太空站，和记忆为伴，甚至于将自己也变成那“物质”，从而代入到另一空间，重新回到过去。

面对未来需要勇气，面对过去又何尝不需要决心？

没有人可以说两人各自的选择谁是谁非，因为很多时候选择本就不是一个容易的决定。

这也是为什么很多人都会后悔自己所做的某些选择，希望可以有个重新来过的机会。

然而，电影毕竟是电影，现实中的人们既无法回到过去，也无法像主人公那样飞到“索拉力星”去和挚爱过的逝者来个近距离接触，以此来抹平内心曾经经历过的情感创伤。

我们所能做的，就是好好对现在做出选择，因为不管未来怎样，现在终将成为记忆中的过去， 而这些或深或浅或“沉睡”的记忆会时不时冒出来提醒自己曾经做过的选择。

幻觉与真实之间不再有差别；回忆与当下之间不再有分离。

在索拉力斯，没有真理，只有存在。

梦中之人，可以超越物质与心灵的边界，来到你的身旁。

我们是人类，还是木偶？

物质左右心灵，还是心灵左右物质？

在索拉力斯，没有答案，只有选择。

人类有了选择，纠正过去错误的选择。

有人拒绝这一切，为了真理，选择离开。

有人接受这一切，为了爱情，选择留下。

在索拉力斯，没有生死，只有爱恨。

人类的情感，超越了时空，超越了边界。

Chris: 我死了还是活着？

Rheya: 我们已经不用再考虑这些了。

Rheya: 我们在一起了。

Rheya: 所有我们做过的都被原谅了，所有的事。

也许这只是奥德修斯返家途中的海女巫们的歌声，也许这只是我们对记忆中痛苦的慰藉，也许这只是一个梦，但是，Though lovers be lost love shall not（爱人虽会失去但爱不会），And death shall have no dominion（死亡不会支配我们）。

地球？

还是索拉力斯？

索拉力星到底是个什么情况？

有什么寓意么？

索拉力星创造的人到底和真实的地球人有什么区别？

飞船飞向索拉力星，最后的结局说明了什么？

克里斯进入到另一个时空？

看完了感觉一脑子浆糊啊

The Solaris StationAfter the premiere of this remake of the Tarkovski movie I read a number of critical reviews, which appeared in American press. The divergence of opinions and interpretations was enormous. The Americans in a somewhat childish manner "grade" films just like children's papers in school. Hence there were critics who gave Soderbergh's Solaris an "A", the majority agreed on a "B" and some gave it a "C".Some reviewers, like the one from the "New York Times", claim the film was a "love story" - a romance set in outer space. I have not seen the film and I am not familiar with the script, hence I cannot say anything about the movie itself except for what the reviews reflect, albeit unclearly - like a distorted picture of one's face in ripply water. However, to my best knowledge, the book was not dedicated to erotic problems of people in outer space... I cannot say anything reasonable about its creation - the book somehow "poured out of me" without any previous planning and I even had difficulties with the ending. However since I wrote it over forty years ago, from today's perspective I perceive it in a much more objective and rational way. I am also capable of finding analogies to other works, located in high regions of the world literature. Melville's "Moby Dick" could serve as an example; on the surface the book describes the history of a whaling ship and Capitan Ahab's pernicious quest for the white whale. Initially the critics destroyed the novel as meaningless and unsuccessful - after all why care about some whale the captain most likely would have converted into a number of cutlets and barrels full of animal fat? Only after great analytical efforts the critics discovered that the message of "Moby Dick" was neither animal fat nor even harpoons. Since much deeper, symbolic layers were found, in libraries Melville's work was removed from the "Adventures at Sea" section and placed elsewhere. Had Solaris dealt with love of a man for a woman - no matter whether on Earth on in Space - it would not have been entitled Solaris! Istvan Csicsery-Ronay, an Americanized Hungarian specializing in literary studies called his analysis "The Book is the Alien". Indeed, in Solaris I attempted to present the problem of an encounter in Space with a form of being that is neither human nor humanoid. Science fiction almost always assumed the aliens we meet play some kind of game with us the rules of which we sooner or later may understand (in most cases the "game" was the strategy of warfare). However I wanted to cut all threads leading to the personification of the Creature, i.e. the Solarian Ocean, so that the contact could not follow the human, interpersonal pattern - although it did take place in some strange manner. The method I used in the novel to demonstrate this was the particular outcome of the interest of people, who for over one hundred years have been studying the planet Solaris and the ocean covering its surface. One should not speak of a "thinking" or a "non-thinking" Ocean, however the Ocean certainly was active, undertook some voluntary actions and was capable of doing things which were entirely alien to the human domain. Eventually, when it got the attention of little ants that struggled above its surface, it did so in a radical way. It penetrated the superficial established manners, conventions and methods of linguistic communication, and entered, in its own way, into minds of the people of the Solaris Station and revealed what was deeply hidden in each of them: a reprehensible guilt, a tragic event from the past suppressed by the memory, a secret and shameful desire. In some cases the reader remains unaware of what has been revealed; what we know is that in each case it was capable of incarnation and physical creation of a being the hidden secret was connected to. Ocean's actions lead one of the scientists to an emotional distress that ended in a suicide, others isolated themselves. When Kris Kelvin initially arrived at the Station he was unable to understand what was going on: all were hiding and in the corridor he encountered one of the phantoms - a giant Black woman in a reed skirt with whom the suicide Gibarian presumably had been conflicted. Kelvin's recklessness and imprudent behavior in the past had not prevented the suicide of his beloved woman Harey. He buried her on Earth and in a sense he buried her in his mind as well - until the Ocean made her come back at the Solaris Station. The Ocean appears quite stubborn in his ways: the creatures, a kind of remorse of the Station's scientists, cannot be gotten rid of - even those sent into space come back... Kelvin initially tried to kill Harey; later he accepted her presence and tried to play the role he had to abandon on Earth - of her beloved man. The vision of the Planet Solaris was very important for me. Why was it important? The Solarian globe was not just any sphere surrounded by some jelly - it was an active being (although a non-human one). It neither built nor created anything translatable into our language that could have been "explained in translation". Hence a description had to be replaced by analysis - (obviously an impossible task) - of the internal workings of the Ocean's ego. This gave rise to symetriads, asymetriads and mimoids - strange semi-constructions scientists were unable to understand; they could only describe them in a mathematically meticulous manner, and this was the sole purpose of the growing Solarian library - the result of over a hundred years' efforts to enclose in folios what was not human and beyond human comprehension; what could not have been translated into human language - or into anything else. One of the reviewers admitted he would prefer to see Tarkovski's Solaris one more time. Others speculated that while the producer won't make a lot of money and there will be no crowd at the box office, the film belongs to the genre of a more ambitious science fiction - since no one got murdered and neither star wars, nor space-werewolfs nor Schwarzenegger's Terminators were present. In the US an atmosphere filled with very concrete expectations usually accompanies the release of every new film. I found it interesting that although my book is quite old - almost half a century means a lot in present times - someone wanted to take the risk despite the fact that the plot did not meet the abovementioned expectations. (Along the way he might have gotten scared a bit, but the latter is a pure speculation on my part.) The book ends in a romantic?tragic way; the girl herself wished to be annihilated, not wanting to be an instrument with the help of which the one she truly loves is being studied by some unknown power. Her annihilation takes place unbeknownst to Kelvin - with the help of one of Space Stations' residents. The Soderbergh movie supposedly has a different, more optimistic finale. If this were the case this would signify a concession to the stereotypes of American thinking regarding science fiction. It seems that these deep, concrete ruts of thinking cannot be avoided: either there is a happy ending or a space catastrophe. This may have been the reason for the touch of disappointment in some of the critics' reviews - they expected the girl created by the ocean to turn into a fury, a witch or a sorceress who would devour the main character, while worms and other filth would crawl out of her intestines. Solaris was submitted to the next year's Berlin film festival and in Poland the film will be shown only after the festival is over. Polish distributors obtained a copy of the movie, however I am not that eager to see it. The information that Soderbergh started filming my novel (although no one knew what the film would be like) crated an increase in publishers' interest from different countries. In Germany Bertelsmann took over Solaris, while the Danes, Norwegians, Koreans and an Arabic publishing house (from Syria) - also expressed interest in that title. Publishers also enquire about my other works. However all of this is only a side effect and has nothing to do with the novel itself. Summing up, as Solaris' author I shall allow myself to repeat that I only wanted to create a vision of a human encounter with something that certainly exists, in a mighty manner perhaps, but cannot be reduced to human concepts, ideas or images. This is why the book was entitled Solaris and not Love in Outer Space.Stanislaw Lem, December 8th, 2002

2002年的重制版《索拉力》，如果我们以所谓“纯科幻”的角度来看待它，那么，较之于小说和72年版定然是逊色不少的。

这部电影对原版小说的改编太多，尤其是把主张消灭“客人”的白人物理学家莫名的改成黑人。

片中也没有深入地探讨人类与索拉里斯星之间的“对立”关系，和试图相互理解的努力。

然而，我们把它看作是爱情片，那么这部影片还是值得观赏的。

当然了，这样一来，我个人认为，其实没有必要煞费力气搬出科幻经典之作作为舞台设置来摆布。

抛开羞涩难懂的背景设定不谈，故事的主旋律是很简单的。

一名男人因种种原因和深爱的女人闹矛盾离开了她，最后的结局是女人寻短辞世。

几年之后，这位男人心中依然存着负罪感，因偶然的机会来到了观测神秘星球的太空站，“奇迹般”地重逢了她。

我不知道科学的发展在精神层面是否给人类带来了福音。

如果这则故事发生在古代，随之而来的很可能是幸福的结局。

然而，依照现代的科学知识，几乎每个人都懂得，曾经爱过的故人复生时，不带有人间天上的隔阂是不可能的。

在太空站里男主角重逢的“她”，不是几年前逝世的她。

虽然“她”的模样，神情，还有她脑中的记忆，和她基本是一致的，但是“她”不会死。

即便男主角把“她”放逐到外太空，只要他醒睡一次，就出现在他的身旁；即便“她”服下液态氧，也会复苏。

作为知识分子，他当然知道“她”不是她。

可悲的是，他仍然无法狠下心来把“她”看作是索拉里斯星试验人类的道具。

他的内心深处，似乎是一直希望着和她重头再来的。

据某位心理学家所说，当人遇到一些无法挽回的事件，总是希望在相似的情形之下挽回曾经犯下的错误。

按照人类的伦理道德尺度，索拉里斯星可能是无耻下流且残酷阴险的。

但是，男主角，终于遇到了绝佳的机会，来挽回当年所犯下的错误。

在他眼前的“她”和她，就差了那么一点点，其实也可以说她俩是同一位人物。

“她”不是机器人，用肉眼来看，和人类几无区别。

她早已死去，她早已失去了继续生存变化的可能性。

那么，根据男主角的记忆复原的“她”又何尝不是“真实”的她呢？

错过了这一次，以后他还会有机会解脱自己吗？

可是他想挽回的，究竟是她呢，还是他自己呢？

影片到最后，我们可以知道，男主角并没有回到地球，因为他手指头的伤口很快就愈合了，他又遇到她了。

我们只是不知道，这部影片是索拉里斯星在解读男主角的心路历程，还是按照时间顺序，在影片结尾处男主角被索拉里斯星所吞没。

不过这些细节，可能没有男主角所感受到的那份救赎感重要吧。

我觉得，索德伯格的改编版本与塔可夫斯基在本质上没什么区别，只是将它通俗化了，他们共同想要表达的是：人类到底存不存在，是不是尘世一切只不过是更高级生命体的臆想。

这种思考方式比[黑客帝国]更虚无。

一切回忆都只是根据返回地球克隆人的记忆而构架 回到地球的自己是被真正自己丢回救生艇的第一个克隆老婆而克隆出来的！

而真正的自己已经放弃回到地球死在空间站里了！

因为他的记忆里很清楚 自己的爱人早已死在地球 因为自己的偏执 ！

第一次切到手指与最后一次切手指的不同，我才明白，整个电影都围绕在克隆人的回忆而在进行！

但是，那份真正自己留给克隆人的遗憾，让他也不会快乐的生活！

这就是深刻的伤痛时间也很难消磨！

一部科幻片被索德伯格拍出纪录片的效果。

当心理学家返回地球时，他并不觉得地球更不陌生。

其实他已经不在地球，也不在太空，而是身处索拉里斯。

索拉里斯，这个神秘的事物、神秘的地方，一方面他毫不客气的凸显在你的面前，你清楚它的所在，可同时，你对他一无所知。

就像复活的爱人，他就在你面前，你对他那样熟悉，可那并不是他。

索拉里斯是一个不解的谜，不是难解，而是在它的面前，我们都失去了解谜的欲望。

最迷人的魅力不在你的微笑，而在微笑的背后，那乖异的感觉，那服从的感觉，像接过男童伸出的颤抖的手，让电流通过全身。

索拉里斯，具有无穷的魅力。

很吸引我的是前后切手的细节，死亡仅是一个转折一个契机，血是爱情是拯救是希望是存在，启示就出现在那一刻，然而又被迅速遗忘。

因为之前看过塔可夫斯基的版本，所以总是下意识的拿两个版本比较，其实两个片子没有可比性，因为这部电影已经完全被索德伯格化了，完整的体现着索德伯格的个性和美学观，它情节完整，逻辑严谨，简洁生动，不同于老塔的开放性多义性版本，它们是两个导演的两种思路，是两个题材相近的不同电影。

他所看到的，是他所回忆的吗？

仅仅是他回忆的吗？

为何有些又在他回忆之外，超出他的控制？

我们都做过梦，梦中的，只是“日有所想，夜有所梦”吗？

他所爱的，是什么？

是他的妻子？

是他记忆中的妻子？

还是，只是他自己？

你所爱的呢？

你是的那个TA？

是TA的离去而在你世界中的投影？

还是，你根本就是爱你自己？

他为什么爱这个长像相他妻子的她？

是爱屋及乌？

是自欺欺人？

还是爱情转移，或者寻找替代品？

他明知这个此她非彼她，他为什么还不离不弃？

我们所欢呼那个诗情画意般Though lovers be lost，love shall not是很美这是善意的谎言吗？

假如在你死之后他持续的思念和爱并非对你而是对他所想象的“双胎胞”妹妹不知道，我们所奋力呕歌的是否就是如此爱情？

然而，爱情又是如何？

主体为谁？

受体为谁？

为谁而作？

你的爱情呢？

你爱谁？

你身边的TA是我记忆的投影吗？

你的父母？

你的前朋友？

或者，你在同时拥有众多的TA？

在满足你的要求？

我们所爱的，到底是谁？